<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8452081067851552136</id><updated>2011-09-24T04:57:23.757-07:00</updated><category term='Rational Empiricism of Culture'/><title type='text'>JOHN MARK - SCIENTIST</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8452081067851552136/posts/default?max-results=100'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>John Mark</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05718043355245991276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SUr5b1T3OZI/AAAAAAAAAAk/KpQhQwGwwvY/S220/John-Mark2.jpg'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>7</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>100</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8452081067851552136.post-438861199193771288</id><published>2010-10-23T12:58:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-10-27T04:28:53.033-07:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.05pt; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: rgb(102, 0, 0); "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small; "&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0); "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small; "&gt;Excerpts)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: normal; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.05pt; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 31px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 20pt; "&gt;The Big Bang &amp;amp; The Expanding Universe&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-converted-space"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 31px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 20pt; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;by John Mark&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;The Hubble Law, also called the Hubble equation describes the relation of the velocity and the distance from the observer of each of many galaxies observed over a wide range by Edwin Hubble, Vesto Slipher, Milton Humason and their associates and successors, and it is &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: normal; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;the velocity= &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;H &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;x &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;distances&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; or, if &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v=velocity &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; s=distances&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, namely &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v=Hs &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;in which &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;H &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: normal; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;Hubble Constant - &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a constant of proportionality.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;For each galaxy, the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: normal; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;velocity &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; is calculated from red shift, spectographic observations and from the Doppler effect. The&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;distances &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;from the observer &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;was determined from the absolute brightness, from the period called Cepheid variables, the Cepheid variable stars were the key instruments in Edwin Hubble’s 1923 conclusion that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M31" title="M31" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(187, 51, 0); "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;M31&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; (Andromeda) was an external galaxy as opposed to a smaller nebula within the Milky Way, from the apparent brightness measurements, and from the Inverse Square Law relating those measurements to distances.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;As can be seen from this equation, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; has the dimension of time with &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;(with minus superscript) and is based on many observations of many galaxies over a wide range of distances and corresponding velocities.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;The value of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; is determined as being between the limits of 15 kilometers per second per million light years, and 30 kilometers per second per million light years, or the equivalent limits of 50 kilometers per second per megaparsec and 10 kilometers per megaparsec.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;These limits are approximately equivalent to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;V=1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; having the dimension of time lying between the limits of 10 x 10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;9 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;years and 20 x 10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;9 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;years, and 15 x 10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;9 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;years that are often being used as acceptable value.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;Why is this important?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0); "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;Because answering this question correctly will help us understand whether there was something before, or whether there was nothing before. If the Universe is expanding faster than the speed of light under the influence of Dark Matter that comprises roughly 96% of all space, either way the answer is fascinating, but I don’t think the answer is in the Higgs boson, or in the Higgs field, or in even correctly quantifying and in understanding Dark Matter.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;For over a 1,000 years humanity has been stuck on “earth-is-flat” concept until Copernican revolution has changed it, and for nearly 100 years now we have been stuck on Einstein’s quantum mechanics and quantum relativity, and both are being seriously questioned although many other tenets in Einstein's assertions, as in other theories are still valid and irrefutable.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;There are and there will be many more laws for humanity to discover for millions of years that will make our current models, theories and beliefs look as obsolete and silly as Aristotle’s conviction that the heart was the center of cognition, or worse, hence in as much as we would like to connect various string theory variables with contemporary models of reality we also realize that asking those questions over and over again in different context in search for more intelligible answers is crucial to everyone.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;The concept of all different galaxies being packed together at infinite density at the same instant, and the subseqeuent “Big Bang”, as well as the concept of “the Age of The Universe” being equal to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; or a fraction of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; maybe impossible precisely as the consequence of the Hubble observations and the Hubble Law with respect to the calculation of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t=s/v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; as the same conclusions can be presented in a slightly different way as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;Let the observed galaxy be labeled &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;G &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;G &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;G &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;G &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;G&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;etc. going in order from the distant to the less distant, and let the observed distance for the galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;G &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;be labeled &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;G &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;let it be &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;and &lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;the observed galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;G &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;be labeled &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;with &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;G &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;represen&lt;wbr&gt;ting &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;so that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt; 2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt; 3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt; 4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt; n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;and let the corresponding observed velocities be labeled in the same way, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;e.g. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;G&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;G&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;G&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;G&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;G&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, so that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt; 3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt; 4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;continue as&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: normal; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, etc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; "&gt;&lt;span style="color: black; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: normal; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;Thus, every galaxy observed with &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;meaning unobserved is older that one going back to the moment of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s=0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; from the point of observation where &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;or a fraction of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; in the so-called “Age of the Universe” in order of its distance &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;as observed over a wide range, could not equal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;simultaneously for different galaxies, or their precursors, therefore, the Hubble Law even if altered in order to conform to “The Age of the Universe” hypothesis equals &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, and even if when the time interval is calculated with the equation of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t=s/v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; is not and cannot be the basis for, and actually contradicts the concept of “The Age of the Universe” equal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: normal; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; or &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;2/3 x 1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; scenario.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; line-height: 19.05pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;Likewise, the Hubble Law is not and cannot be the basis for such dependent concepts as a theory, namely that all the galaxies, or their precursors were packed together simultaneously at infinite density in zero volume with &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s=0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t=0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; for each galaxy, and the ensuing concept of “The Big Bang”.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;Moreover, the complicated physics and stages of the first second after “The Big Bang” along with different theories of inflation, specifically the concept of singularity, and the existence of quantum gravity occuring at the instant of “The Big Bang”, the concept of the microwave radiation background observed today as a relic of radiation from the early universe and widely acknowledged as the evidence of “The Big Bang”’, including all the concepts directly dependent on “The Big Bang” theory such as the age of the universe equal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, or a fraction of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;combined with Friedman-Robertson-Walker models whether with standard, or distorted version of the Hubble Law together, simply do not and cannot compute.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;Let us digress a little bit, namely if we accept some form of “non-local” deterministic reality whereby we assume that some things travel faster than the speed of light, we will be violating Einstein’s special theory of relativity; and Einstein has created this paradox himself by introducing quantum mechanics and special relativity theories together that contradict one another whereby on the quantum level signals do travel faster than the speed of light, and according to "The Big Bang" theory the Universe is expanding at speeds faster than the speed of light, and whereby special theory of relativity expressly prohibits this. So was Einstein wrong? &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;Not necessarily. In fact, we are simply trying to get beyond Einstein and the inherent paradox in the special relativity theory and quantum mechanics in search of new rules that govern the behavior of matter and energy, hence the subsequent refutation of the Big Bang theory is not a surprise, or exception, while realizing at the same time that at some point we may have to let go of it as well.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;If the Hubble law were not abandoned, as it has been by assuming that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;was a constant, and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; a variable, and the original Hubble Law &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v=Hs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; were followed, with &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; a variable and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;H &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a constant, then calculating &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, the time corresponding to the increase of the distance of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;as calculated from equation &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t=s/v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; would require &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, not only as &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;tob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;sob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; but all other values of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, except &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; at &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s=0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t=s/v = 0/0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;an indeterminate number we would not have “The Big Bang Theory”.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;Morever, the limit of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s/v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; as &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; approach &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; &lt;wbr&gt;is &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; thus by calculating from &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t= s/v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; would equal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, not only for &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;sob - &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;the observed distance,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;vob - &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;the observed distances and velocities of galaxies as they existed in the distant past&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; but for all other values of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, including &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s=0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;for every galaxy. It appears from these equations employing &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t=s/v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; as a method for calculating time intervals under the unaltered Hubble Law gives unreasonable and inconclusive results, implying that the method is faulty.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;The method to present the reciprocal of the constant &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; of proportionality, i.e. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; having the dimension of time as an actual time span, and the hastily arrived at conclusion that the time interval from&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; 0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;tob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;corresponding to the distance interval from &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s=0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s= sob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; was given by the equation of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t= tob =sob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; divided by &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;vob=1 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;divided by &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;Ho&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; for each galaxy led to the concept that the age of the Universe equal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/Ho&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; given the absence of gravity, the concept of the “Big Bang Theory” and to the subsequent theories ensuing therefrom.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;To maintain these concepts and at the same time to maintain the appearance of conforming to the Hubble Law as required, as described above the subtle alteration, without being obvious, and without negligently appearing was presented of the Hubble Law except at &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;Vo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;Ho sob.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;Another assumption, or perhaps it was an oversight without any awareness that it was being assumed was that the observed distance sob and the observed velocity vob for each galaxy were existing at the moment when each observation was being made. This assumption is repeated whenever the statement is made that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; (“Hubble Time”) or a fraction of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; is the “Age of the Universe” from the beginning to the present, and also by the designation of the value of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; as determined by the observation of Hubble et al, with &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;Ho&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; defined as “present” value of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;H.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;In actuality, all the observations made by Hubble, Humason and their successors were of the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;sob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;’&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;the observed distance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;vob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;’&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s - the observed distances and velocities of galaxies as they existed in the distant past, and the time interval to the present being in direct proportion to the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;sob - &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;the observed distance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;for each galaxy. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;Thus the concept of all the different galaxies being packed together at infinite density at the same instant and the subsequent “Big Bang”, as well as the concept of the Age of the Universe being equal to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; or to a fraction of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;appears to be impossible as the consequence of Hubble observations and the Hubble Law, even when the Hubble Law is distorted to conform to this result, and even when the calculation of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;is made using the equation of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t=-s/v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;, incorrectly, and a distortion by standard cosmology rules, as described above. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: small; "&gt;Does this mean we never had a "Big Bang" and all known and observable matter did not really come from the "primeval atom"? Can we point-point to the "accounting error" that created the "Big Bang" and is responsible for the creation of all visible matter 13.7 Billion years ago? &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: small; "&gt;Does this mean we are back to "earth-is-flat" concept as we tend to generalize and force all our unanswered questions into "The Big Bang" theory because there are actually no better answers right now, and yet "The Big Bang" theory looks good, sounds good and has a distinct aura of authority around itself? &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: small; "&gt;Not quite, but scientists and researchers like myself are looking at startling new evidence that is pointing in new and different direction.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: small; "&gt;PART I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 22px; color: black; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;In order to observe the density of the mass during the "Big Bang" explosion we must take a look at the time interval from &lt;b&gt;t=0&lt;/b&gt; to &lt;b&gt;tob &lt;/b&gt;was assumed to be &lt;b&gt;tob = sob &lt;/b&gt;divided by &lt;b&gt;vob = 1/H &lt;/b&gt;and calculated incorrectly in my opinion from the observed values of &lt;b&gt;sob&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;vob &lt;/b&gt;for each galaxy that would correspond to the distance interval for each galaxy from &lt;b&gt;s=0&lt;/b&gt; to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;sob&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style="font-weight: normal; "&gt;. &lt;/b&gt; In fact &lt;b&gt;sob &lt;/b&gt;was considered the value at the moment of observation, ignoring the additional time interval from the light bearing the values of &lt;b&gt;sob&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;vob&lt;/b&gt; to travel from the galaxy to the observer. This additional time interval was sob expressed in years (if &lt;b&gt;sob&lt;/b&gt; was observed in light years, or the appropriate amounts with other units) for each galaxy.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span&gt;Thus the time interval from the moment when t=0 and s=0 to the moment the observation was being made, herein labeled &lt;b&gt;tsi&lt;/b&gt;, was &lt;b&gt;tsi&lt;/b&gt; = &lt;b&gt;tob &lt;/b&gt;+&lt;b&gt; sob&lt;/b&gt; in years = 1/H + &lt;b&gt;sob&lt;/b&gt; in years (or in equivalent units) for each galaxy.  Let the subscript on the lower left side designate the particular galaxy with which the quantity is associated, thus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob  &lt;/b&gt;( &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob &lt;/b&gt;divided by &lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob&lt;/b&gt;), &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;si, &lt;/b&gt;s for each galaxy labeled  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob  a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;si  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;s &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt; and for galaxy labeled &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob  b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;si  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;s&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;Since, for all, or nearly all galaxies the observed distances are different galaxies - &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G   &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;can be two such galaxies, so that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;tdoes not equal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;and since &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;si &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;equals &lt;b&gt;1/H&lt;/b&gt; plus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob &lt;/b&gt;in years 1/H plus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob  &lt;/b&gt;does not equal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt; 1/H plus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob &lt;/b&gt;and thus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;si  &lt;/b&gt;does not equal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;si &lt;/b&gt;so that extrapolating from the moment of observation &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s=0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s=0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;occur at different intervals of the time in the past from the moments of observation and thus do not occur simultaneously.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 22px; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;Consequently, the concept of all the different galaxies being packed together at infinite density at the same instant, and the subsequent "Big Bang", as well as the concept of the age of the Universe being equal to 1/H or to a fraction of 1/H, appear to be impossible as consequences of the Hubble observations, and the Hubble law, even when the Hubble law is distorted to conform to this result which I believe it has been by man, and even when the calculation of &lt;b&gt;t &lt;/b&gt;is made using the equation &lt;b&gt;t = s/v&lt;/b&gt; (incorrectly, in my view), and a distortion by standard cosmology as described above.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 25px;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 25px; "&gt;What I am herein describing in effect is the age and the expansion of the Universe based on the Hubble Law that has either been distorted and manipulated &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;to wrongly illustrate t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;he concept of all the different galaxies being packed together at infinite density at the same instant&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 25px; "&gt;. Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity clearly postulates that space-time measurements are relative to the movement of reference frames whereby in essence there's no simultaneity at a distance anymore, but that they are relative to the measurements of space and time that are not dependent on our subjective experience, but are of objective nature entirely relative to the relations of the velocities of what we measure and what we measure them with. Further, as the invariance of space-time measurements appears only in abstract mathematical formula, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;even if the Hubble Law has not been distorted to confirm the results which have been calculated incorrectly&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt; the following equation points succinctly to the same exact conclusion about the derivation from the Hubble Law using the equation of &lt;b&gt;t= s/v&lt;/b&gt; to calculate &lt;b&gt;t &lt;/b&gt;that can also be presented as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;Let the observed galaxies be labeled  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;............. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;going in order from the more distant to the less distant, and let the observed distance for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;be labeled &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt; for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;for galaxy 3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob&lt;/b&gt;, and so on &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;for galaxy &lt;b&gt;n&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob&lt;/b&gt;, so that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt; 2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt; 3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt; 4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt; n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt; and the corresponding observed velocities labeled in the same way, i.e.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;G  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;G  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;G  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;and so on to  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;for galaxy n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;G  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt; so that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt; 2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt; 3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt; 4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&gt; n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 25px; "&gt;The additional time interval for the light carrying the information on the values of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob &lt;/b&gt; in each case from the galaxy to the observer is &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;expressed in years (or other equivalent units), since it requires &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob &lt;/b&gt; in years for light to travel &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob&lt;/b&gt; light years. Thus the time elapsed, in each case, from &lt;b&gt;t=0&lt;/b&gt; when &lt;b&gt;s=0&lt;/b&gt; to&lt;b&gt; t= &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;t&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;si&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;, the moment of observation, is &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;t&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;si &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;= &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;t&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;=&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;s&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;(in years or the equivalent).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;Let the subscript on the lower left side designate the particular galaxy with which the quantity is associated. Thus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob   &lt;/b&gt;(&lt;b&gt;=&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob/ &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob&lt;/b&gt;),&lt;b&gt;  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;t&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;si&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt; s &lt;/b&gt;for galaxy&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial; font-weight: normal; line-height: 22px; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;be designated  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;,&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;,&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;,&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;si&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;,&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;and&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;for galaxy&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial; font-weight: normal; line-height: 22px; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;be designated  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;,&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;,&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;,&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;si&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;,&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;Since for all, or nearly all, galaxies the observed distances are different, galaxies &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial; font-weight: normal; line-height: 22px; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial; font-weight: normal; line-height: 22px; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial; font-weight: normal; line-height: 22px; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;G  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;can be two such galaxies, so that   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 16px; "&gt; ≠  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;and since&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;si  = 1/H + &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob &lt;/b&gt; in years and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial; line-height: normal; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;si  = 1/H + &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob &lt;/b&gt; in years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial; line-height: normal; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial; line-height: normal; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H + &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 16px; "&gt; ≠  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;1/H + &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;ob  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;and thus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;si  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 16px; "&gt; ≠  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;si&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 25px; "&gt;so that extrapolating back from the moment of observation, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;=0  &lt;/b&gt;and  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;=0  &lt;/b&gt;at different intervals of time in the past from the moment of observation and thus do not occur simultaneously.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 25px; "&gt;Thus the concept of all the different galaxies being packed together at infinite density at the same instant and the subsequent "Big Bang" as well as the concept of "The Age of the Universe" being equal to &lt;b&gt;1/H&lt;/b&gt; or a fraction thereof appear to be impossible as consequences of the Hubble observations and the Hubble Law, even when the calculation of &lt;b&gt;ti &lt;/b&gt;is made using the equation &lt;b&gt;t = s/v&lt;/b&gt; (incorrectly in my opinion) and as distorted by standard cosmology, as described above.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;PART II and &lt;/span&gt;CONCLUSION:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; font-size: 11px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 15px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;Coming soon.....  Part II and Conclusion proving decades long invariance about "The Big Bang" and scientific explanation why current estimations of the actual age of our Universe based on Hubble law have been grossly miscalculated.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; font-size: 11px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 15px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 15pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 15px; font-size: 11px; "&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 15px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;Also, "Beyond the M-Theory" - how do we solve the dilemma of Expanding Universe and solve the mystery of Dark Matter and Dark Energy. Also coming up Theory of Everything and the dualistic and unpredictable behavior of energy, Higgs Field and relativistic influence of time and its postulated behavior along with missing components in the Standard Model that are dramatically changing current views in contemporary theoretical physics. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: arial; font-size: small; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 25px; "&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8452081067851552136-438861199193771288?l=johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/feeds/438861199193771288/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/2010/10/time-design-big-bang-and-expanding.html#comment-form' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8452081067851552136/posts/default/438861199193771288'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8452081067851552136/posts/default/438861199193771288'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/2010/10/time-design-big-bang-and-expanding.html' title=''/><author><name>John Mark</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05718043355245991276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SUr5b1T3OZI/AAAAAAAAAAk/KpQhQwGwwvY/S220/John-Mark2.jpg'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8452081067851552136.post-3379950847993978350</id><published>2009-12-12T05:46:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2009-12-17T10:23:54.399-08:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:large;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:large;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;On Rational Empiricism of Culture &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 18px; color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 18px; color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;German sociologist Karl Mannheim in his &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Ideologie und Utopie&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; (c.1929) and a social theorist Max Scheler in his&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-converted-space"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 18px; color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 18px; color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Versuche zu einer Soziologie des Wissens &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 18px; color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;(c.1924) have both postulated a view that life is not determined by our consciousness, but that our consciousness is determined by the way we live; and more importantly all our knowledge is a product of culture that is the driving force behind most of our actions.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 18px; color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;This means that what is meaningful and significant to someone from Judeo-Christian culture is not meanigful in the same way to someone with Buddhist background, or with Islamic background.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 18px; color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Culture, being the soul of our society is the source of our social consciousness and the manifestation behind our individual personalities. The relationship we have with culture is what unifies us and at the same time what separates us from other cultures. This relationship can be directly traced to technology, how we use technology and how technology helps us cross cultural barriers and eventually break them. It is a dynamic process, albeit very slow and incremental.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 18px; color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;In order to understand this role as cultured human beings in the ever evolving technological world we need to look at ourselves individually, and as a society in the context of where we came from and where we are going.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 18px; color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;In Pre-Industrial society the main focus was on agriculture and on struggling with survival, with the law of diminishing returns. In the Industrial Society which is where we are at the moment, although slowly transitioning from industrial to post-industrial phase the focus is on energy and on producing goods, as we continuously turn our attention towards better understanding of energy, its behavior and its various forms and converting this experience to our advantage.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style=" line-height: 18px; font-family:verdana;"&gt;The plans for getting away from fossil fuels, for example, the yearning to use fission effectively, and to learn to use other sources of energy that are far more powerful than fossil fuels are the hallmark of The Industrial society. In The Post-Industrial society the focus is not as much on agriculture and on manufacturing goods, but on knowledge, on sharing and obtaining knowledge and on making it freely available to everyone.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 18px; color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;We are now beginning to enter this age, albeit very slowly and incrementally as our cultural barriers prevent us from freely sharing and accepting what we know in a way that would benefit everyone. &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 21px; "&gt;As those barriers are being challenged and we begin to transition to this new Age of Syncretism beyond the Industrial and Post-Industrial era this is the subject of my work.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8452081067851552136-3379950847993978350?l=johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/feeds/3379950847993978350/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/2009/12/on-rational-empiricism-of-culture.html#comment-form' title='37 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8452081067851552136/posts/default/3379950847993978350'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8452081067851552136/posts/default/3379950847993978350'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/2009/12/on-rational-empiricism-of-culture.html' title=''/><author><name>John Mark</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05718043355245991276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SUr5b1T3OZI/AAAAAAAAAAk/KpQhQwGwwvY/S220/John-Mark2.jpg'/></author><thr:total>37</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8452081067851552136.post-2365260617040834352</id><published>2009-10-18T13:08:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-04-10T18:46:14.841-07:00</updated><title type='text'>NEW UNIVERSITY IN VIRTUAL REALITY</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "&gt;&lt;img src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/Stt3sXPnjjI/AAAAAAAAALI/rMaaFhfu2MU/s400/WCACT+Tele-Immersion+Theatre.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5394036582743772722" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 353px; " /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style=" ;font-size:large;"&gt;Few hours spend in this interactive theater will be equivalent to having complete "window on the world" experience with access to any subject of one's choice  in the world of knowledge in arts and  sciences in 3D.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:large;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:large;"&gt;This is the new model for education in 21st Century - &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:large;"&gt;Multum In Parvo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:large;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:'times new roman';"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:Georgia, serif;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="color:#0000EE;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "&gt;&lt;img src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/Stt2FUoj59I/AAAAAAAAAK4/z3J9T56z97k/s400/2ndCenter+-World+Center+for+Arts+Cultures+%26+Technology+(2).jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5394034812516558802" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 241px; " /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:arial;"&gt;There are no textbooks, and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:arial;"&gt;everything&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:arial;"&gt; is totally and completely interactive.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "&gt;&lt;img src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/Stt2w01eI9I/AAAAAAAAALA/-uVG6RK4hHc/s400/WCACT-Main+Theatre.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5394035559895016402" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 209px; " /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:arial;"&gt;The American Pavilion &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:arial;"&gt;will feature all we know about America -  its history, arts and sciences and its accomplishments from the very beginning until now in 3D telepresence with tele-immersion. No need for textbooks, or classroom assignments - it will all be run by AI-driven supercomputers that will fully interact with the audience on any subject.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8452081067851552136-2365260617040834352?l=johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/feeds/2365260617040834352/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/2009/10/new-university-all-in-virtual-reality.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8452081067851552136/posts/default/2365260617040834352'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8452081067851552136/posts/default/2365260617040834352'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/2009/10/new-university-all-in-virtual-reality.html' title='NEW UNIVERSITY IN VIRTUAL REALITY'/><author><name>John Mark</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05718043355245991276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SUr5b1T3OZI/AAAAAAAAAAk/KpQhQwGwwvY/S220/John-Mark2.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/Stt3sXPnjjI/AAAAAAAAALI/rMaaFhfu2MU/s72-c/WCACT+Tele-Immersion+Theatre.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8452081067851552136.post-2085077983556003472</id><published>2009-04-18T05:29:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2009-10-18T15:51:33.084-07:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-Times New Roman&amp;quot;;font-family:&amp;quot;;color:#660000;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";color:#660000;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;Excerpts)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: normal; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; mso-line-height-alt:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"   style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);   line-height: 20px; font-family:Georgia;font-size:13px;"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 115%;  color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size:20pt;"&gt;The Big Bang &amp;amp; The Expanding Universe&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-converted-space"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 115%;  color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size:20pt;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;The Hubble Law, also called the Hubble equation describes the relation of the velocity and the distance from the observer of each of many galaxies observed over a wide range by Edwin Hubble, Vesto Slipher, Milton Humason and their associates and successors, and it is &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;the velocity= &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;H  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; distances&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; or, if &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v=velocity &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;and&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; s=distances&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, namely &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v=Hs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;  in which &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;H &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Hubble Constant - &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; a constant of proportionality.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;For each galaxy, the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;velocity &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; is calculated from red shift, spectographic observations and from the Doppler effect. The &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;distances &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; from the observer &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;was determined from the absolute brightness, from the period called Cepheid variables, the Cepheid variable stars were the key instruments in Edwin Hubble’s 1923 conclusion that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M31" title="M31"&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;M31&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; (Andromeda) was an external galaxy as opposed to a smaller nebula within the Milky Way, from the apparent brightness measurements, and from the Inverse Square Law relating those measurements to distances.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;As can be seen from this equation, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; has the dimension of time with &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;(with minus superscript)  and is based on many observations of many galaxies over a wide range of distances and corresponding velocities. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;The value of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; is determined as being between the limits of 15 kilometers per second per million light years, and 30 kilometers per second per million light years, or the equivalent limits of 50 kilometers per second per megaparsec and 10 kilometers per megaparsec. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;These limits are approximately equivalent to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;V=1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; having the dimension of time lying between the limits of 10 x 10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;years and 20 x 10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;9  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;years and 15 x 10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;9  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;years that are often being used as acceptable value.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 0); "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Why is this important?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Because answering this question correctly will help us understand whether there was something before, or whether there was nothing before. If the Universe is expanding faster than the speed of light under the influence of Dark Matter that comprises roughly 96% of all space, either way the answer is fascinating, but I don’t think the answer is in the Higgs boson, or in the Higgs field, or in even correctly quantifying and in understanding Dark Matter.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;For over a 1,000 years humanity has been stuck on “earth-is-flat” concept until Copernican revolution has changed it, and for nearly 100 years  now we have been stuck on Einstein’s quantum mechanics and quantum relativity and both are being seriously questioned although many tenets in Einstein's assertions, as in other theories are still valid and irrefutable.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;There are and there will be many more laws for humanity to discover for millions of years that will make our current models, theories and beliefs look as obsolete and silly as Aristotle’s conviction that the heart was the center of cognition, or worse, hence in as much as we would like to connect various string theory variables with contemporary models of reality we also realize that asking those questions over and over again in different context in search for more intelligible answers is crucial to everyone.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;The concept of all different galaxies being packed together at infinite density at the same instant, and the subseqeuent “Big Bang”, as well as the concept of “the Age of The Universe” being equal to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/H,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; or a fraction of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; maybe impossible precisely as the consequence of the Hubble observations and the Hubble Law with respect to the calculation of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;t=s/v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; as the same conclusions can be presented in a slightly different way as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;"Let the observed galaxy be labeled  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;G  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;G  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;G  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;G  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;G&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; etc. going in order from the distant to the less distant, and let the observed distance for the galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;G  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;be labeled &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;G  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;let it be &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;and &lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style=" ;font-family:Georgia;"&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;the observed galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;G  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;be labeled &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; with &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;G &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;representing &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;so that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob&gt; 2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob&gt; 3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob&gt; 4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob&gt; n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;and let the corresponding observed velocities be labeled in the same way, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;e.g. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;G&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;G&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;G&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;G&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;for galaxy &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;G&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, so that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob&gt; 3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob&gt; 4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;continue as&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=" ;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:x-small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, etc."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:19.05pt"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 22px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Thus, every galaxy observed with &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;meaning unobserved is older that one going back to the moment of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s=0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; from the point of observation where &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/H, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;or a fraction of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; in the so-called  “Age of the Universe” in order of its distance &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;ob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;as observed over a wide range, could not equal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;simultaneously for different galaxies, or their precursors, therefore, the Hubble Law even if altered in order to conform to “The Age of the Universe” hypothesis equals &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/H &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, and even if when the time interval is calculated with the equation of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;t=s/v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; is not and cannot be the basis for, and actually contradicts the concept of  “The Age of the Universe” equal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; or &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;2/3 x 1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; scenario.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Likewise, the Hubble Law is not and cannot be the basis for such dependent concepts as a theory, namely that all the galaxies, or their precursors were packed together simultaneously at infinite density in zero volume with &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s=0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;t=0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; for each galaxy, and the ensuing concept of “The Big Bang”. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Moreover, the complicated physics and stages of the first second after “The Big Bang” along with different theories of inflation, specifically the concept of singularity, and the existence of quantum gravity occuring at the instant of “The Big Bang”, the concept of the microwave radiation background observed today as a relic of radiation from the early universe and widely acknowledged as the evidence of “The Big Bang”’, including all the concepts directly dependent on “The Big Bang” theory such as the age of the universe equal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, or a fraction of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/H &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;combined with Friedman-Robertson-Walker models whether with standard or distorted version of the Hubble Law together, simply do not and cannot compute.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Let’s digress a little bit, namely if we accept some form of “non-local” deterministic reality whereby we assume that some things travel faster than the speed of light, we will be violating Einstein’s special theory of relativity; and Einstein has created this paradox himself by introducing quantum mechanics and special relativity theories together that contradict one another whereby on the quantum level signals do travel faster than the speed of light, and according to "The Big Bang" theory the Universe is expanding at speeds faster than the speed of light, and whereby special theory of relativity expressly prohibits this. So was Einstein wrong? Not necessarily….  In fact, we are simply trying to get beyond Einstein and the inherent paradox in the special relativity theory and quantum mechanics in search of new rules that govern the behavior of matter and energy, hence the subsequent refutation of the Big Bang theory is not a surprise, or exception, and at some point we may have to let go of it as well… &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.5in;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Part II (Continued &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;05/08/2009&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;) If the Hubble law were not abandoned, as it has been by assuming that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;was a constant, and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; a variable, and the original Hubble Law &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v=Hs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; were followed, with &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; a variable and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;H &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;a constant, then calculating &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, the time corresponding to the increase of the distance of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;as calculated from equation &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;t=s/v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; would require &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, not only as &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;tob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;sob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; but all other values of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, except &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; at &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s=0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;t=s/v = 0/0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; an indeterminate number we would not have “The Big Bang Theory”.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.5in;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Morever, the limit of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s/v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; as &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; approach &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; is &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/H,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; thus by calculating from &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;t= s/v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; would equal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, not only for &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;sob - &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;the observed distance,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;vob - &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="mso-spacerun:yes"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;the observed distances and velocities of galaxies as they existed in the distant past&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; but for all other values of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, including &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s=0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; for every galaxy. It appears from these equations employing &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;t=s/v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; as a method for calculating time intervals under the unaltered Hubble Law gives unreasonable and inconclusive results, implying that the method is faulty.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;The method to present the reciprocal of the constant &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; of proportionality, i.e. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; having the dimension of time as an actual time span, and the hastily arrived at conclusion that the time interval from&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; 0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;tob &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;corresponding  to the distance interval from &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s=0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;  to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s= sob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; was given by the equation of  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;t= tob =sob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; divided by &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;vob=1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;divided by &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Ho&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; for each galaxy led to the concept that the age of the Universe equal &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/Ho&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; given the absence of gravity, the concept of the “Big Bang Theory” and to the subsequent theories ensuing therefrom.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;To maintain these concepts and at the same time to maintain the appearance of conforming to the Hubble Law as required, as described above the subtle alteration, without being obvious, and without negligently appearing was presented of the Hubble Law except at &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Vo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; = &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Hosob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Another assumption, or perhaps it was an oversight without any awareness that it was being assumed was that the observed distance sob and the observed velocity vob for each galaxy were existing at the moment  when each observation was being made. This assumption  is repeated whenever the statement is made that &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; (“Hubble Time”) or a fraction of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; is the “Age of the Universe” from the beginning to the present, and also by the designation of the value of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; as determined by the observation of Hubble et al, with &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Ho&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; defined as “present” value of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;In actuality, all the observations made by Hubble, Humason and their successors were of the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;sob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;’&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;the observed distance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;vob&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="mso-bidi-font-weight:bold"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;’&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;s - the observed distances and velocities of galaxies as they existed in the distant past, and the time interval to the present being in direct proportion to the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;sob -  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;the observed distance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-converted-space"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;for each galaxy.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Thus the concept of all the different galaxies being packed together at infinite density at the same instant and the subsequent “Big Bang”, as well as the concept of the Age of the Universe being equal to &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; or to a fraction of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;1/H &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;appears to be impossible as the consequence of Hubble observations and the Hubble Law, even when the Hubble Law is distorted to conform to this result, and even when the calculation of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;t &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;is made using the equation of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;t=-s/v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;, incorrectly, and a distortion by standard cosmology rules, as described above.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Does this mean we never had a "Big Bang" and all known and observable matter did not really come from the "primeval atom"? Can we point-point to the "accounting error" that created the "Big Bang" and is responsible for the creation of all visible matter 13,7 Billion years ago?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Does it mean we are back to "earth-is-flat" concept as we tend to generalize and force all our unanswered questions into "The Big Bang Theory" because there are no better answers, and yet the "Big Bang Theory"  looks good, sounds good and has a distinct aura of authority around itself?   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Not necessarily..... but scientists and researchers like myself are looking at startling new evidence that is pointing in a different direction. (To be continued - &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;perserverantia omnia vincit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;... ) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%;  color:black;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0in;margin-right:15.0pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:140%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 140%; color: rgb(102, 0, 0); "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;NEXT.... Beyond the M-Theory. How do we solve the Expanding Universe, as well as Dark Matter and Dark Energy enigma,  as well as Theory of Everything, the dualistic and unpredictable behavior of energy, Higgs Field and relativistic influence of time on its postulated behavior, and the missing components in the Standard Model under these dramatically emerging new views. 10/12/09.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8452081067851552136-2085077983556003472?l=johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/feeds/2085077983556003472/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/2009/04/excerpts-big-bang-expanding-universe.html#comment-form' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8452081067851552136/posts/default/2085077983556003472'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8452081067851552136/posts/default/2085077983556003472'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/2009/04/excerpts-big-bang-expanding-universe.html' title=''/><author><name>John Mark</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05718043355245991276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SUr5b1T3OZI/AAAAAAAAAAk/KpQhQwGwwvY/S220/John-Mark2.jpg'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8452081067851552136.post-366094266564560312</id><published>2008-12-19T17:08:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2009-10-24T17:50:32.576-07:00</updated><title type='text'>World Center For Arts, Cultures &amp; Technology</title><content type='html'>&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;n short time, television and computers will merge completely. When they do, whatever you have in front of you, whether hand-held or on a screen will do the same thing. You will have a world of information anywhere you go.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;This process took a long time, namely because we had to figure out whether to turn TV into computer, or computer into TV, the latter being a lot more reasonable and practical, and when that was settled we are now on our way to Internet Provided Television, (ipTV) - a world of&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="mso-spacerun:yes"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;hundreds of millions of interactive channels that will mark the end of YouTube’s low-resolution videos replaced by high-definition resolution and broadband-driven interactive media. At that point information will be available everywhere and high-information content will become &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;raison d’etre&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; of all technologies.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Languages and cultures other than English will become the focal point of interest beyond sports, movies, music and online games when we are presented with cultural domains previously untapped by high-end information technology capable of delivering full blown, fully interactive, culturally enticing experiences on any subject from any area, and from any period of time.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;At that point we will begin to interact with cultures from around the world without having to fly to Europe, Asia and Africa, and by visiting telepresence centers around the world such as the World Center for Arts, Cultures &amp;amp; Technology and experience high-content education live by having personal contact, and personal experience with anyone from the past and present in high-definition 3D, holographic enviroment that will make us feel like we are physicially there, looking at, speaking with and meeting face-to-face with Shakespeare, Plato, Mozart, Einstein, Newton, Galileo, Archimedes,  James Joyce, Mark Twain, Jimi Hendrix, Thomas Jefferson, Aristotle, Bach and so on...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;A complete 3D reconstruction of each person in tele-immersion will be presented at each and every pavilion theme according to each civilization, or nationality at various locations in the world by using multi telepresence cameras that take rapid, sequential shots of the same object, continuously performing distance calculations, and projecting them into high-end, computer-simulated environment to replicate real-time images and movement. As a result, visitors and audiences at The World Center for Arts, Cultures &amp;amp; Technology will be able to physically shake hands with Christopher Columbus, Winston Churchil, Copernicus, Goethe or whoever they like depending on whatever they select for their cultural insights from the Center's super-computer database. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;From there they will be guided around the world immersed in holographic virtual reality experience, hours later walking away with expert knowledge on many subjects such as history, sociology, science, politics and the arts represented as the ultimate juxtaposition of technology and entertainment related to particular segment of the world, blending the audiences highly subjective, entertaining and educational experiences with any time period they wish to visit.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); "&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;img src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SUxF-UoAonI/AAAAAAAAACA/0kOBVSEo82M/s400/WCACT-Main+Theatre.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5281673399989478002" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 209px; " /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style=""&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style=""&gt;World Center For Arts, Cultures &amp;amp; Technology - Main Location&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238);"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238);"&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 115%;  "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Highest level scholarly research and information content will be the predominant criteria for The World Center for Arts, Cultures &amp;amp; Technology juxtaposed with a multitude of representative Web portals around the world that will set the standard for new, knowledge-based Internet.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 115%;  "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Located on 1,000 acres of land, this futuristic state-of-the-art, tele-presence center will be the future research headquarters for world-renowned scientists and scholars who will daily contribute to the center's cumulative knowledge by providing specifically-tailored research and high-information, knowledge-drive content in many areas of human endeavor available daily to millions of visitors from around the world.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 18px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 18px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); line-height: normal; "&gt;&lt;img src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SVbgUcOsKVI/AAAAAAAAADg/ph6T_mq2xO8/s400/2ndCenter+-World+Center+for+Arts+Cultures+%26+Technology.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5284657854545668434" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 241px; " /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 18px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;World Center For Arts, Cultures &amp;amp; Technology - 2nd Location&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Substantial resources will be added to the economy by various sponsors and corporations - including governments participating in the research and development of each pavilion representing individual countries e.g. the American Pavilion, the English Pavilion, the German Pavilion, the French Pavilion, the Greek Pavilion, the Italian Pavilion representing their country’s national heritage, and featuring their nation's&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="mso-spacerun:yes"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;historical accomplishments presented in the context of &lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt;history, literature, art, music, linguistics, architecture, applied science, philosophy, law, military&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt; history, technology, education, medicine, law, sports, religion, business, trade, politics, customs,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"&gt; traditions, folklore, genetics, neuroscience and cognitive sciences&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;various fields related to each particular era in history up to date.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 18px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); line-height: normal; "&gt;&lt;img src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SVbhhEVV_RI/AAAAAAAAADo/9MrSrfJAuUI/s400/WCACT+Tele-Immersion+Theatre.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5284659170981051666" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 353px; " /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;font-family:&amp;quot;;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;Tele-Immersion Theater at World Center for Arts, Cultures &amp;amp; Technology&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Admission will be free to millions of visitors to WCACT. Known as the Center it will be entirely a non-profit organization. The Center will have substantial revenues from major corporations and governments participating in and representing cultural diversity, heritage and the domain of their nation in select categories such as technology, the arts, the sciences, history, and education in each tele-immersion Pavilion of their national origin. Corresponding galaxy of websites and portals featuring high-end information content will accompany the work and mission of the Center globally.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8452081067851552136-366094266564560312?l=johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/feeds/366094266564560312/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/2008/12/world-center-for-arts-cultures.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8452081067851552136/posts/default/366094266564560312'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8452081067851552136/posts/default/366094266564560312'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/2008/12/world-center-for-arts-cultures.html' title='World Center For Arts, Cultures &amp;amp; Technology'/><author><name>John Mark</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05718043355245991276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SUr5b1T3OZI/AAAAAAAAAAk/KpQhQwGwwvY/S220/John-Mark2.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SUxF-UoAonI/AAAAAAAAACA/0kOBVSEo82M/s72-c/WCACT-Main+Theatre.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8452081067851552136.post-3587347487953376028</id><published>2008-12-19T08:02:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2009-04-22T10:50:07.404-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Intelligent Design and Smart Decision Processing in Search Engines</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;( &lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Note: Intelligent design in this article does not refer to creationism, but simply to smart programing&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:'times new roman';"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;I&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;ntelligent design and IQ interaction between networks that would be equal to and interact with neuro-linguistic programming of human beings require a new approach to software design and extensive application of  mathematical models versus nearly exclusive reliance on heuristics and language-driven algorithms that software designers routinely utilize today.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px; "&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; "&gt;&lt;span style=""&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;When one searches for “What is the meaning of Life?” today’s search engines typically respond with:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt; l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;ife insurance, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;or something equivalent to it&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt; because they cannot recognize and identify presented information for what it is.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; "&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;In smart decision processing, the answers to the queries cannot simply be contained in the question as in existing algorithmic formulas today, but utilize complex mathematical modeling genetic algorithms, mathematics on strings and other high-end modelling such as in this smart MCPS (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;massive computational processing structure&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;) system of decision processing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 115%; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SUvGel2MEWI/AAAAAAAAABg/MIvUmS138DM/s1600-h/FIRST+Output-to-Resources-Equatio.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 58px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SUvGel2MEWI/AAAAAAAAABg/MIvUmS138DM/s320/FIRST+Output-to-Resources-Equatio.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5281533216879808866" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; "&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SUvHwlox8tI/AAAAAAAAABw/KLRHoSmWB5A/s1600-h/LAST+ENJOY+ARTS+SEMANTIC+AI+SEARCH+ENGINE.jpg"&gt;&lt;img src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SUvHwlox8tI/AAAAAAAAABw/KLRHoSmWB5A/s400/LAST+ENJOY+ARTS+SEMANTIC+AI+SEARCH+ENGINE.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5281534625572844242" style="cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 349px; " /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Today's search engines come up with answers in the same way that a word processor finds them, as words and as meaningless characters and display them indiscriminately.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 115%;   color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;None of the current search engines have a database for accurately recognizing and identifying information on the Web, hence when one searches for a jaguar,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-converted-space"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 115%;   color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 115%;   color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;for example, the search engines cannot distinguish whether it is a cat, a car, or a member of a football team. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal; "&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 115%;   color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: normal; "&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Intelligent processing is they key to transition from Information Age to Post-Industrial society based on knowledge wherein lies enormous distiction between knowledge and information, on the free flow of knowledge globally, and on sharing, organizing and distribution of theoretical knowledege vis-a-vis nearly exclusive dependence on behavior that is primarily engaged in and solely focused on utilization and exploitation of energy, dissemination of information and producing goods from raw materials.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8452081067851552136-3587347487953376028?l=johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/feeds/3587347487953376028/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/2008/12/intelligent-design-and-smart-decision.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8452081067851552136/posts/default/3587347487953376028'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8452081067851552136/posts/default/3587347487953376028'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/2008/12/intelligent-design-and-smart-decision.html' title='Intelligent Design and Smart Decision Processing in Search Engines'/><author><name>John Mark</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05718043355245991276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SUr5b1T3OZI/AAAAAAAAAAk/KpQhQwGwwvY/S220/John-Mark2.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SUvGel2MEWI/AAAAAAAAABg/MIvUmS138DM/s72-c/FIRST+Output-to-Resources-Equatio.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8452081067851552136.post-6819579545527307393</id><published>2008-12-18T10:42:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2009-04-22T10:53:56.775-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Rational Empiricism of Culture'/><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style=" line-height: 18px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:large;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style=""&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style=""&gt;On Rational Empiricism of Culture &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style=" line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;German sociologist Karl Mannheim in his &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Ideologie und Utopie&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; (c.1929) and a social theorist Max Scheler in his&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-converted-space"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height:115%; Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="line-height:115%; Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Versuche zu einer Soziologie des Wissens &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style="line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;(c.1924) have both postulated a view that life is not determined by our consciousness, but rather that our consciousness is determined by the way we live, and more importantly that all our knowledge is a product of culture that is the driving force behind all our knowledge, and behind most of our actions.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style=" line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;This means that what is meaningful and significant for someone from Judeo-Christian culture is not meanigful in the same way to someone with Budhist background, or with Islamic background. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style=" line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;Culture, being the soul of our society is the source of our social consciousness and the manifestation behind our individual personalities. Our relationship with culture is what unifies us and at the same time what separates us from other cultures.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style=" line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;This relationship can be directly traced to technology, how we use technology and how technology helps us cross cultural barriers and eventually break them. It is a dynamic process, albeit very slow and incremental.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style=" line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;In order to understand our role as cultured human beings in the ever evolving technological world we need to look at ourselves individually, and as a society in the context of where we came from and where we are going. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style=" line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;In Pre-Industrial society the main focus was on agriculture and on struggling with survival, with the law of diminishing returns.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style=" line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;In Industrial Society our focus is on energy and on producing goods, on the understanding of energy, its behavior and its various forms and in turning energy to our advantage. Our plans for getting away from fossil fuels, for example, our yearning to use fission effectively, and to learn to use other sources of energy that are far more powerful than fosssil fuels are the focus of Industrial society. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style=" line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;In Post-Industrial society the focus is not as much on agriculture and on manufacturing goods, but on knowledge, on sharing and obtaining knowledge and on making it freely available to everyone.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="apple-style-span"&gt;&lt;span style=" line-height:115%;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;color:black;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;We are now beginning to enter this age, albeit very slowly and incrementally as our cultural barriers prevent us from freely sharing and accepting what we know in a way that would benefit everyone.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style=" line-height: 21px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:small;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-family:verdana;"&gt;As those barriers are being challenged and we begin to transition to this new Age of Syncretism beyond the Industrial and Post-Industrial era this is the subject of my work.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/8452081067851552136-6819579545527307393?l=johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/feeds/6819579545527307393/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/2008/12/german-sociologist-karl-mannheim-in-his.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8452081067851552136/posts/default/6819579545527307393'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8452081067851552136/posts/default/6819579545527307393'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://johnmarkscientistpolymath.blogspot.com/2008/12/german-sociologist-karl-mannheim-in-his.html' title=''/><author><name>John Mark</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05718043355245991276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='22' height='32' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vkQ4a7a-d4w/SUr5b1T3OZI/AAAAAAAAAAk/KpQhQwGwwvY/S220/John-Mark2.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>
